Тарҷума пешакӣ аст. Номи манбаъҳо, номи муаллифон, формулаҳо ва маълумоти тарҷуманашудаи пайдоиш ба забони аслӣ мемонанд.

САНГҲО

Сангҳо

Навъҳои ҷавоҳирӣ ва сангҳои ороишӣ, ки ҳар кадом бо минералҳои таркибаш пайваст аст.

Ёқут

The red gem variety of corundum, coloured principally by chromium.

Red to purplish redМинерал · Корунд

Сапфир

Gem corundum other than ruby; blue is the best-known colour, while other colours are called fancy sapphire.

Blue and every non-red gem colourМинерал · Корунд

Зумуррад

The green to bluish-green gem variety of beryl, coloured mainly by chromium, vanadium, or both.

Green to bluish greenМинерал · Берилл

Аквамарин

The green-blue to blue gem variety of beryl, with colour related to iron.

Light greenish blue to blueМинерал · Берилл

Аметист

The purple gem variety of quartz; its colour involves iron-related centres and natural irradiation.

Purple to reddish purpleМинерал · Квартс

Алмос

Gem-quality diamond is crystalline carbon; colourless material is best known, but natural fancy colours also occur.

Colourless and fancy coloursМинерал · Алмос

Опали асил

Opal whose ordered silica structure produces play-of-colour through diffraction.

Variable body colour with spectral play-of-colourМинерал · Opal

Анорсанг

A gemstone family spanning several garnet species and colours rather than one composition.

Red is classic; also orange, green, yellow and purpleМинерал · Garnet group

Топаз

Transparent topaz used as a gem; natural and treated material occurs in several colours.

Colourless, blue, yellow, orange, pink and othersМинерал · Топаз

Турмалин

A gemstone family drawn from several species of the tourmaline supergroup and noted for exceptional colour diversity.

Nearly every colourМинерал · Турмалин

Шпинел

Transparent gem spinel; its red is caused by chromium, the same trace element that colours ruby.

Red and pink are classic; also blue, violet and other coloursМинерал · Шпинел

Лоҷувард

A rock rather than a single mineral: an aggregate mainly of lazurite, calcite and pyrite, prized for its deep blue.

Dark blue to violetish blue, sometimes with gold-coloured pyrite flecksМинерал · Lazurite · Калсит

Ақиқ

A translucent, usually banded variety of microcrystalline quartz, used as a semiprecious stone and in carvings.

Brown, white, red, grey, pink, black or yellow, typically in bandsМинерал · Квартс

Забарҷад

The green, gem-quality variety of olivine. Peridot belongs to the forsterite–fayalite series, and most peridot lies close to its magnesium-rich forsterite end.

Yellowish green; the finest is a pure grass greenМинерал · Форстерит